Search results for "fusion [photon photon]"

showing 10 items of 724 documents

Fast Estimation of Diffusion Tensors under Rician noise by the EM algorithm

2016

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is widely used to characterize, in vivo, the white matter of the central nerve system (CNS). This biological tissue contains much anatomic, structural and orientational information of fibers in human brain. Spectral data from the displacement distribution of water molecules located in the brain tissue are collected by a magnetic resonance scanner and acquired in the Fourier domain. After the Fourier inversion, the noise distribution is Gaussian in both real and imaginary parts and, as a consequence, the recorded magnitude data are corrupted by Rician noise. Statistical estimation of diffusion leads a non-linear regression problem. In this paper, we present a f…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesreduced computationGaussianModels NeurologicalDatasets as Topicta3112Statistics - ComputationStatistics - ApplicationsTime030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMethodology (stat.ME)Diffusion03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineScoring algorithmRician fadingPrior probabilityExpectation–maximization algorithmImage Processing Computer-AssistedMaximum a posteriori estimationHumansApplications (stat.AP)Computer SimulationComputation (stat.CO)Statistics - MethodologyMathematicsta112Likelihood FunctionsGeneral NeuroscienceBrainEstimatormaximum likelihood estimatorFisher scoringMagnetic Resonance ImagingWhite MatterRician likelihoodDiffusion Tensor ImagingFourier transformNonlinear Dynamicssymbolsmaximum a posteriori estimatorAlgorithmAlgorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgerydata augmentation
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Enhancing production and cytotoxic activity of polymeric soluble FasL-based chimeric proteins by concomitant expression of soluble FasL.

2012

International audience; Membrane FasL is the natural trigger of Fas-mediated apoptosis. A soluble homotrimeric counterpart (sFasL) also exists which is very weakly active, and needs oligomerization beyond its trimeric state to induce apoptosis. We recently generated a soluble FasL chimera by fusing the immunoglobulin-like domain of the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor gp190 to the extracellular region of human FasL, which enabled spontaneous dodecameric homotypic polymerization of FasL. This polymeric soluble human FasL (pFasL) displayed anti-tumoral activity in vitro and in vivo without systemic cytotoxicity in mouse. In the present work, we focused on the improvement of pFasL, with two…

Fas Ligand Proteinlcsh:MedicineLeukemia inhibitory factor receptorEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionFas ligandChimera (genetics)Biopolymers[ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyCytotoxic T cellHumanslcsh:Science[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and ParasitologyDNA PrimersMultidisciplinaryBase SequenceT-cell receptorlcsh:RTransfectionFusion proteinMolecular biologyIn vitroCell biologySolubilitylcsh:QResearch Article
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Licensing policies for a new product

2005

This paper studies licensing policies for the owner of a new product and addresses their welfare impact in the assessment of market failures. We show that the best licensing policy for the patent holder is fixed fee licensing with an exclusive territory clause. Consumers are also better off with fixed fees but do not prefer the exclusive territory clause. Social welfare is higher under exclusive territories when fixed costs are not too large. As for efficiency, the number of licences in the private market equilibrium falls short of the socially optimal solution. Our analysis discloses that (i) any policy measures aimed at enhancing the diffusion of technology, in terms of the number of lice…

Fixed feePatent holderPublic economicsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTINGSocial WelfareDiffusion of technologyManagement of Technology and InnovationNew product developmentEconomicsComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETYFixed costbusinessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceWelfareIndustrial organizationMarket failuremedia_commonEconomics of Innovation and New Technology
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A Semi-Theoretical Approach to a Correlation for the Thermal Conductivity of a Beryllium Pebble Bed

2003

In the framework of the European Fusion Technology Programme, Lithium ceramics and Beryllium packed pebble beds are foreseen to be used as Tritium breeders and neutron multipliers, respectively, for the Helium Cooled Pebble Bed breeding blanket of a fusion power reactor operating with a D-T plasma. The present work is focused on the semi-theoretical investigation of the thermal conductivity of single size Beryllium pebble beds, starting from the main hypothesis that this conductivity depends linearly on pebble bed local temperature and total volumetric strain and introducing a method to determine the coefficients of such dependence on the basis of the results obtained by the SUPER-PEHTRA ex…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesBERYLLIUM PEBBLE BED THERMAL CONDUCTIVITYMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementFusion powerBlanketCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductivitychemistryThermalNeutronBerylliumPebbleHeliumSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Fusion of multimodal data by combining the uncertainty and perception models

2019

The general idea is to use together heterogeneous multiple information on the same problem tainted by imperfections and coming from several sources in order to improve the knowledge of a given situation. Appropriate visualization of the images to aid in decision making using the perceptual information carried by the salience maps.

Fusion des imagesApproche statistiqueFusion of imagesStatistical approachImages multimodaleTheory of uncertainMultimodal Image[INFO.INFO-IA]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Aided EngineeringThéorie de l’incertain[INFO.INFO-IA] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Aided EngineeringSaillance
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Thermo-mechanical analysis of irradiation swelling and design optimization of the IFMIF target assembly with bayonet backplate

2017

Abstract The availability of a high flux neutron source for testing candidate materials under irradiation conditions, which will be typically encountered in future fusion power reactors (ITER, DEMO, FPR), is a fundamental step towards the development of fusion energy. To this purpose, the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) represents the reference option to provide the fusion community with a DEMO-relevant neutron source capable of irradiating samples at a damage rate of up to 20 dpa/fpy (in steel) in a volume of 0.5 l. In the framework of the engineering design activities of IFMIF, ENEA is committed in the design of the lithium target assembly (TA) with removable (…

FusionMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringReference designNuclear engineeringInternational Fusion Materials Irradiation FacilityIFMIF Target assembly Bayonet backplate Design optimization Swelling analysisFusion power01 natural sciences7. Clean energyFinite element method010305 fluids & plasmasPower (physics)Nuclear Energy and Engineering0103 physical sciencesNeutron sourceGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsEngineering design processSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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The b1 isoform of protocadherin-gamma (Pcdhgamma) interacts with the microtubule-destabilizing protein SCG10.

2004

Due to their structural characteristics and their diversity, the 22 members of the protocadherin-gamma (Pcdhgamma) family have been suggested to contribute to the establishment of specific connections in the nervous system. Here, we focus on a single isoform, Pcdhgamma-b1. Its expression is found in different brain regions and in developing spinal cord it is restricted to scattered cells, whereas all cells are labeled using an antibody that recognizes all Pcdhgamma isoforms. As a first step to understanding the signaling mechanisms downstream of Pcdhgamma, we identify the microtubule-destabilizing protein SCG10 as a cytoplasmic interactor for Pcdhgamma-b1 and other isoforms of the Pcdhgamma…

Gene isoformNervous systemSubfamilyRecombinant Fusion ProteinsBiophysicsTwo-hybridProtocadherinCadherin Related ProteinsBiologyBiochemistryMicrotubulesMiceProtocadherinStructural BiologyMicrotubuleTwo-Hybrid System TechniquesChlorocebus aethiopsGeneticsmedicineAnimalsProtein IsoformsInteractorNerve Growth FactorsGrowth coneMolecular BiologyNeuronsProtocadherin-gammaCalcium-Binding ProteinsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsBrainCell BiologySCGIOCadherinsMolecular biologyCell biologySCG10medicine.anatomical_structureCytoplasmCOS CellsStathminGrowth coneSignal TransductionFEBS letters
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SNAP-25a and -25b isoforms are both expressed in insulin-secreting cells and can function in insulin secretion

1999

The tSNARE (the target-membrane soluble NSF-attachment protein receptor, where NSF is N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein) synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) is expressed in pancreatic B-cells and its cleavage by botulinum neurotoxin E (BoNT/E) abolishes stimulated secretion of insulin. In the nervous system, two SNAP-25 isoforms (a and b) have been described that are produced by alternative splicing. Here it is shown, using reverse transcriptase PCR, that messages for both SNAP-25 isoforms are expressed in primary pancreatic B and non-B cells as well as in insulin-secreting cell lines. After transfection, both isoforms can be detected at the plasma membrane as well a…

Gene isoformProtein Isoforms/genetics/ metabolismBotulinum ToxinsSynaptosomal-Associated Protein 25RNA Messenger/genetics/metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentMutantNerve Tissue ProteinsBiologyBiochemistryCell LineIslets of LangerhansInsulin SecretionmedicineBotulinum Toxins/pharmacologyInsulinProtein IsoformsAnimalsHumansSecretionRNA MessengerReceptorMolecular BiologyDNA Primersddc:616Base SequenceInsulinMembrane ProteinsCell BiologyTransfectionNerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/ metabolismFusion proteinMolecular biologyRatsCell cultureMutagenesis Site-DirectedIslets of Langerhans/cytology/drug effects/ secretionInsulin/ secretionResearch Article
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The Xenopus Oocyte as an Ectopic Expression System for the Selection of Protein Isoform-Specific Antibodies

1993

A panel of Xenopus oocytes, each injected with cRNA coding for one specific isoform of the rat brain RCK family of voltage gated potassium channel proteins, was employed to screen for isoform-specific monoclonal antibodies. Several days after injection, cryosections of embedded oocytes were produced and were employed in immunohistochemical analysis of antibody binding. Of the advantageous properties of the assay, it employs the native antigen, it can be applied to homooligomeric and heterooligomeric proteins, and cryosections of the same batch can be stored frozen for later tests. The method may be advantageous also for the selection of isoform-specific antibodies of other protein families.

Gene isoformProtein isoformPotassium ChannelsProtein familymedicine.drug_classRecombinant Fusion ProteinsXenopusNerve Tissue ProteinsBiologyMonoclonal antibodyEpitopeMiceXenopus laevisAntigenAntibody SpecificitymedicineAnimalsPharmacologyMice Inbred BALB CHybridomasAntibodies Monoclonalbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyOocytesFemaleEctopic expressionJournal of Receptor Research
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Application of an ectopic expression system for the selection of protein-isoform-specific antibodies. The monoclonal antibody K1 C3 is specific for t…

1993

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against a fusion protein consisting of a fragment of 141 amino acids of the C-terminal region of the rat brain voltage-gated K(+)-channel protein (RCK1) and the lambda N protein (fusion protein I). Selection of K(+)-channel-specific hybridoma cell lines was performed by means of an ELISA employing a fusion protein consisting of the K(+)-channel-specific peptide sequence and glutathione S-transferase (fusion protein II). For final selection of RCK1 isoform-specific antibodies, a panel of Xenopus oocytes was employed, each injected with cRNA coding for a specific RCK isoform (RCK 1, 2, 4 or 5). Several days after injection, cryosections of embedded oocytes we…

Gene isoformProtein isoformPotassium Channelsmedicine.drug_classBlotting WesternMolecular Sequence DataEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayMonoclonal antibodyBiochemistryMiceAntibody SpecificityProtein A/GTumor Cells CulturedmedicineAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceRats WistarPeptide sequenceBrain ChemistryMice Inbred BALB CHybridomasSequence Homology Amino AcidbiologyAntibodies MonoclonalFusion proteinMolecular biologyRatsBiochemistryPotassium Channels Voltage-Gatedbiology.proteinImmunohistochemistryAntibodyKv1.1 Potassium ChannelEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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